obligate
vt. 使(在法律或道义上)负有责任或义务; 对…施以恩惠
adj. 有义务的,必要的
If something obligates you to do a particular thing, it creates a situation where you have to do it.
The ruling obligates airlines to release information about their flight delays...
这一裁决规定航空公司有义务公布航班晚点信息。
Under a separation agreement, he was obligated to pay his ex-wife £50,000 a year for life.
根据分居协议,他必须每年向前妻支付5万英镑。
1. force or compel somebody to do something;
2. commit in order to fulfill an obligation;
3. bind by an obligation; cause to be indebted;
1. restricted to a particular condition of life;
The nature of the nutritional requirements for obligate parasites in nature is unknown.
人们还不知道自然界中专性寄生菌的营养要求的本质.
All the photosynthetic bacteria possess the capability in addition to various facultative aerobes and obligate anaerobes.
所有光合细菌加上各种兼性的好氧生物和绝对的厌氧生物具有这种能力.
Paul Ehrlich sees coevolution pushing two competitors into " obligate cooperation. "
保罗?埃尔利希认为共同进化推动两个竞争对手进入 “ 强制合作. ”
An obligate anaerobe can survive only in the absence of oxygen.
专性厌氧生物只能在无氧条件下生存.
Anaplasma ovis is an arthropod - borne rickettsial obligate parasite of sheep and goat.
绵羊无浆体病是绵羊和山羊红细胞内专性寄生的由节肢动物传播的立克氏体疾病.